One of the greatest naval commanders not only in Korea but also all over the world is Admiral Yi Sun-sin (1545-1598). He fought under the Joseon Dynasty and was known for his victories against the Japanese navy during Imjin Wars from 1592 to 1598. But do you know that there is also a naval commander in Bikolandia who’s at par with Yi sun-sin though not as famous?
Around two centuries after Yi Sun-sin’s feat was born an “uragon” named Pedro Estevan (also known as “Teban-teban”). Known for his bravery, tactical genius, and leadership, Estevan played a pivotal role in defending the region from relentless Moro pirate attacks during the 18th and early 19th centuries. His life, though not widely publicized, is a testament to the resilience and courage of the Bicolano spirit.
Estevan hailed from an esteemed family in Tabaco, Albay, and served as the town’s gobernadorcillo (municipal governor) in 1782. His tenure was marked by a steadfast commitment to safeguarding local communities from Moro pirate attacks, which were rampant during this era.
Estevan engaged in numerous naval battles across the Albay Gulf and Lagonoy Gulf, often resorting to fighting with knives, bolos, and bamboo spears as against the muskets and Kris of the Moros. The persistent issue of corruption among the Spaniards had severely hampered his forces’ ability to maintain a steady supply of proper weapons and ammunition, forcing them to rely on ingenuity and sheer determination to defend their region.
His most notable military achievement occurred on October 26, 1818, when, at approximately 80 years old, he led the provincial fleet of Albay in a decisive battle against a substantial Moro force off the Caramoan Peninsula. Commanding a fleet of light vessels known as faluas, Estevan’s forces engaged the Moro fleet, resulting in the destruction of 37 Moro vessels and the stranding of about 200 raiders, who subsequently perished from hunger and other deprivations.
This victory was significant, as it marked the last successful Moro attack on a Bicol peninsular town. In recognition of his heroism, King Ferdinand VII of Spain awarded him a medal, presented through the Bishop of Nueva Cáceres. Locally, the principalia (elite citizens) of Bacacay gifted Estevan a parcel of land—a gesture of profound gratitude for his efforts in protecting the region. He was also tasked to lead a bigger fleet that safeguards the coasts of Luzon and allegedly, he was the reason why the first naval school was established. But because he was not a Spaniard, he could not be promoted to higher posts.
Estevan’s contributions have been documented in various historical accounts, including “The Bikol Blend: Bikolanos and Their History” by Norman G. Owen, which provides insights into his military strategies and the broader context of Bicol’s defense against Moro raids.
Despite his significant role in Bicol’s history, however, Estevan’s story is not widely known. Efforts to highlight his heroism continue, aiming to ensure that his legacy is appropriately recognized and remembered within the region’s rich historical narrative.
Conclusion
Pedro Estevan is not just a forgotten hero; he is a figure who embodies the spirit of Bicolano bravery. His story deserves to be retold, celebrated, and remembered. The seas he defended remain tranquil today, a testament to his sacrifices and the peace he fought so valiantly to achieve.
Pedro Estevan’s heroics may have been obscured by time, but his courage shines as brightly as ever in the annals of Bicolano history.
References
- Raffi Banzuela, “Don Pedro Estevan, Kagurangnan kan Lawod,” Dateline Ibalon, dateline-ibalon.com
- Norman G. Owen, The Bikol Blend: Bikolanos and Their History
- “The Era of the Kris: Moro Raids in Sorsogon and Kabikolan,” Luis C. Dery
- JSTOR, “Camarines Towns: Defenses Against Moro Pirates”
- Saminovic WordPress, “Noted Bikolano Personalities”
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